Caribbean Birding Trail

Know the Caribbean, Bird by Bird

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      • Anguilla
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        • Camuy Coastal Area
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Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico

Puerto Rico is an island full of interesting contrasts and surprises. It is the smallest and most easterly of the Greater Antilles and is a Commonwealth and territory of the USA. Puerto Rico is a small archipelago of islands and cays such as Vieques, Culebra, Mona, Monito, Desecheo, and Caja de Muertos.

Its geographical location and geological history has had a profound influence on the rich diversity of its flora and fauna. Of Puerto Rico’s 354 recorded bird species, approximately 133 are known to breed on the island and include an impressive list of 17 endemic species: Adelaide’s Warbler, Elfin-woods Warbler, Green Mango, Puerto Rican Bullfinch, Puerto Rican Emerald, Puerto Rican Flycatcher, Puerto Rican Lizard Cuckoo, Puerto Rican Nightjar, Puerto Rican Oriole, Puerto Rican Parrot (Amazon), Puerto Rican Screech-Owl, Puerto Rican Spindalis, Puerto Rican Tanager, Puerto Rican Tody, Puerto Rican Vireo, Puerto Rican Woodpecker, and Yellow-shouldered Blackbird.

There are also some range-restricted species such as Antillean Mango, Lesser Antillean Pewee, and Antillean Euphonia.

Waterbirds are an important component of the local bird life representing more than 35% of the species recorded: 45 species are known to breed on the island! Puerto Rico has diverse wetlands, mangrove systems, freshwater swamps, and salt flats. Major wetland areas include Caño Tiburones, Laguna Tortuguero, Laguna Cartagena, San Juan and Jobos bays estuaries and Cabo Rojo saltflats.

Puerto Rico Sites

  • Camuy Coastal Area
  • Culebra National Wildlife Refuge
  • Jobos Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve
  • Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge

Puerto Rico Partners

  • Sociedad Ornitológica Puertorriqueña, Inc. (SOPI)


Puerto Rico Tour Operators

  • Island Birdwatchers
  • Puerto Rico Birding Trips
  • Wildside Nature Tours

Recommended Field Guides

Puerto Rico’s Birds in Photographs: An Illustrated Guide Including the Virgin Islands by Mark Oberle

Birds of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands by Herbert Raffaele, Clive Petrovic, Sergio Colón López, Lisa Yntema, and José Salguero Faria

Birds of the West Indies by Herbert Raffaele, James Wiley, Orlando Garrido, Allan Keith, and Janis Raffaele

Want to know how you can be involved?

Do you know of a place that should be part of the Caribbean Birding Trail? Are you the owner of a lodge or hotel and want to attract eco-tourists? Are you a guide interested in the birdwatching market? Then, get involved with our project!

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Birds Caribbean
Birds Caribbean
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Let's make it the #BiggestHourForEarth 🌎 In 60 minutes you can do something positive for your environment 🙌🏽 #Educate yourself ℹ️jco.birdscaribbean.o… ▶️youtube.com/@BirdsCa… Try #birding after dark for 🌌 #owls 🦉, potoos, #nightjars & more! #EarthHour #MyHourForEarth pic.twitter.com/kqjx…

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Just published in the #JournalOfCaribbeanOrnithology 🗞 (JCO) - understanding susceptibility to 🔬 #avian #malaria in Bananaquits. Learn more about this fascinating study here: bit.ly/JCO-Bananaqui… 📸 Carlos H Almeida #peerreview #openaccess #scicomm #Caribbean pic.twitter.com/BUBT…

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5:02 pm · March 24, 2023
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The Smooth-billed #Ani is a bizarre looking #bird 🤨, with its oversized, strangely shaped bill and long tail! Anis are almost always seen in groups and do almost everything together, even incubating #eggs and raising offspring. 📸Russell Campbell ℹ️bit.ly/PhotoContest2… pic.twitter.com/zcdD…

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6:01 pm · March 23, 2023
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Happy #WorldWaterDay💧 Just like us #birds need water. Sadly, many of their sources are #threatened by #development #pollution & #climatechange But together we can #BeTheChange we want to see & make water conservation a part of everyday life. ✨ ➡️ bit.ly/JA-Backyard-B… pic.twitter.com/xqM2…

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3:12 pm · March 22, 2023
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Happy #InternationalDayOfForests 🌳 We're celebrating 🎉 by featuring the Bicknell’s Thrush 🤎 —a shy, subtle #bird that depends on #forests year-round. Both in the US, where they breed, & in the #Caribbean 🏝 where they migrate to for the winter. ℹ️ birdscaribbean.org/2… pic.twitter.com/eN6N…

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4:30 pm · March 21, 2023

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